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<ead xmlns="urn:isbn:1-931666-22-9" xmlns:ead="urn:isbn:1-931666-22-9" xmlns:ns2="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" audience="external" relatedencoding="MARC21" xsi:schemaLocation="urn:isbn:1-931666-22-9 http://www.loc.gov/ead/ead.xsd">
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      <eadid countrycode="US" mainagencycode="US-RPB" identifier=".xml">US-RPB-AMS-1ZUT-2</eadid>
      <filedesc>
         <titlestmt>
            <titleproper>Guide to the Janet Shaffer papers on the Brown University-Tougaloo College Partnership<date type="inclusive" era="ce" calendar="gregorian" normal="1966/1987">1966, 1986-1987, 2006</date>
               <date type="bulk" era="ce" calendar="gregorian" normal="1986/1987">(bulk 1986-1987)</date>
            </titleproper>
            <author>Created by Janaya Kizzie, 2023</author>
            <sponsor>Processing funded by a grant from the National Historical Publications and Records Commission.</sponsor>
         </titlestmt>
         <publicationstmt>
            <publisher>Brown University Library</publisher>
            <p>
               <date era="ce" calendar="gregorian" normal="2023" type="publication">2023 August</date>
            </p>
            <address>
               <addressline>John Hay Library, University Archives and Manuscripts </addressline>
               <addressline>Box A</addressline>
               <addressline>Brown University</addressline>
               <addressline>Providence, RI 02912</addressline>
               <addressline>Business Number: Tel: 401-863-3723</addressline>
               <addressline>email:hay@brown.edu</addressline>
               <addressline>URL: <extptr xlink:href="http://library.brown.edu/" xlink:show="new" xlink:title="http://library.brown.edu/" xlink:type="simple"/>
               </addressline>
            </address>
         </publicationstmt>
      </filedesc>
      <profiledesc>
         <creation>This finding aid was produced using ArchivesSpace on <date era="ce" calendar="gregorian" normal="2023" type="publication">2023-08-09</date>.</creation>
         <langusage>Description is written in: <language langcode="eng" scriptcode="Latn">English, Latin script</language>.</langusage>
         <descrules>Describing Archives: A Content Standard</descrules>
      </profiledesc>
   </eadheader>
   <archdesc level="collection" type="inventory">
      <did>
         <repository>
            <corpname>John Hay Library<subarea>University Archives and Manuscripts</subarea>
            </corpname>
            <address>
               <addressline>Box A</addressline>
               <addressline>Brown University</addressline>
               <addressline>Providence, RI 02912</addressline>
               <addressline>Telephone: Manuscripts: 401-863-3723; University Archives: 401-863-2148</addressline>
               <addressline>
                 Email: Manuscripts: hay@brown.edu; University Archives: archives@brown.edu</addressline>
            </address>
         </repository>
         <unittitle type="primary">Janet Shaffer papers on the Brown University-Tougaloo College Partnership</unittitle>
         <origination label="Creator">
            <persname rules="aacr" source="local">Shaffer, Janet</persname>
         </origination>
         <origination label="Creator">
            <corpname rules="aacr" source="lcnaf">Brown University-Tougaloo College Partnership</corpname>
         </origination>
         <origination label="Creator">
            <corpname rules="aacr" source="ingest">Brown University</corpname>
         </origination>
         <origination label="Creator">
            <corpname rules="aacr" source="ingest">Tougaloo College</corpname>
         </origination>
         <unitid countrycode="US" repositorycode="US-RPB" type="collection">AMS.1ZUT.2</unitid>
         <physdesc altrender="whole">
            <extent altrender="materialtype spaceoccupied">0.25 Linear Feet</extent>
         </physdesc>
         <unitdate era="ce" type="inclusive" calendar="gregorian" normal="1966/2006">1966, 1986-1987, 2006</unitdate>
         <unitdate era="ce" type="bulk" calendar="gregorian" normal="1986/1987">(1986-1987)</unitdate>
         <abstract id="aspace_b6163a178897b1d3ebbd6c84946dc9f4">Papers of Brown aluma Janet Shaffer accrued during, or reflecting upon, her time as an exchange student at Tougloo College in the Fall of 1986. Some of the material contains descriptions of racism against Black people.</abstract>
         <langmaterial>
            <language langcode="eng" scriptcode="Latn">English</language>
.    </langmaterial>
         <unittitle type="filing">Shaffer, Janet papers on the Brown University-Tougaloo College Partnership</unittitle>
      </did>
      <bioghist id="aspace_ccc1a8d807f092b204c3574933ec72dd">
         <head>Biographical / Historical</head>
         <p>Janet Shaffer '88 attended Brown University from 1984-1988. She majored in psychology. She spent her fall semester at Tougaloo in 1986. During her time at Tougaloo College, Shaffer swam at the local Racquetball Club in Jackson, Mississippi, took a course on Black religion, and was crowned Miss Brown Exchange at Tougaloo's homecoming. Shaffer also befriended a Tougaloo College student named Kevin Jackson. Shaffer went on to become a licensed acupuncturist.</p>
         <p>Tougaloo College, a historically Black college in Mississippi, and Brown University, a predominantly white institution, announced their partnership in 1964. The partnership was one of many developed nationally at that time as a result of an increased interest in Black education among progressive government leaders and educators during the civil rights and Freedom Now movements.  Unlike many of the other intercollegiate relationships of that time, Brown and Tougaloo have been consistent in collaboration save for a period in the early 1970s where tensions between the mostly white community of Brown University and the mostly Black community of Tougaloo College were high. The Brown University-Tougaloo College Partnership, as it is called today, has been known by different names over time, including the Brown-Tougaloo Partnership, the Brown-Tougaloo Exchange, the Tougaloo-Brown Exchange, Brown-Tougaloo Cooperative Exchange, and Brown-Tougaloo Relationship.</p>
         <p>Brown University's initial programs and interactions with Tougaloo were paternalistic and extractive, borne of the white-saviourism of progressives of the time. While Tougaloo was allowed to send students and faculty to Brown with the intention to improve their education, Brown University sent professors and students to teach, tutor and examine Black students. One example of this was the Brown-Tougaloo Language Project, started in 1965, which replaced Tougaloo College's English course with a program of reading, writing and diction while using the students as the test subjects for Brown professor's linguistics studies. Brown administrators also worked to control power structures at Tougaloo, including the firing of Tougaloo's president in 1965 and the process of hiring his replacement.</p>
         <p>The programs undertaken during the partnership have varied in content over time. Most have involved the exchange of students and faculty between the two institutions, and there have also been shared events such as concerts and seminars.</p>
      </bioghist>
      <dsc type="combined">
         <c id="aspace_3e9f1f2c8832cf6fcbb6250dd71f73db" level="file">
            <did>
               <unittitle>"Brown at Tougaloo:  Exchange Student Doesn't Find the Expected Fervor" Jackson Daily News article</unittitle>
               <unitid type="file">1</unitid>
               <unitdate calendar="gregorian" datechar="creation" era="ce" normal="1986-12-28/1986-12-28">1986 Dec 28</unitdate>
               <langmaterial>
                  <language langcode="eng" scriptcode="Latn">English</language>.</langmaterial>
               <container label="Box [31236094312686]" type="box" altrender="Document Box (Letter)" id="aspace_740704ef11fea9f00d63d21fb61d600b">1</container>
               <container label="Folder" type="folder" id="aspace_0da009d36bdf34d75ba7aa49b7bbe9ac" parent="aspace_740704ef11fea9f00d63d21fb61d600b">1</container>
            </did>
            <altformavail id="aspace_a1746304ad42dd1bba77b345eb9a06c5">
               <head>Existence and Location of Copies</head>
               <p>Photocopies of articles available in the folder.</p>
            </altformavail>
         </c>
         <c id="aspace_09eadb57655202912a01b1b2ad90a49e" level="file">
            <did>
               <unittitle>Eaglet (Tougaloo College Yearbook)</unittitle>
               <unitid type="file">2</unitid>
               <unitdate calendar="gregorian" datechar="creation" era="ce" normal="1987/1987">1987</unitdate>
               <langmaterial>
                  <language langcode="eng" scriptcode="Latn">English</language>.</langmaterial>
               <container label="Box [31236094312686]" type="box" altrender="Document Box (Letter)" id="aspace_2971bfb307af400a776b58b385764a72">1</container>
               <container label="Folder" type="folder" id="aspace_d78457a55cc934625b1ea25872d45e4d" parent="aspace_2971bfb307af400a776b58b385764a72">2</container>
            </did>
         </c>
         <c id="aspace_f9508ad5a7790a1f880aff409b6ce988" level="file">
            <did>
               <unittitle>Brown University -Tougaloo College Partnership promotional materials for students</unittitle>
               <unitid type="file">3</unitid>
               <unitdate calendar="gregorian" datechar="creation" era="ce" normal="1966/1987" type="inclusive">1966,1981-1987</unitdate>
               <unitdate calendar="gregorian" datechar="creation" era="ce" normal="1985/1986" type="bulk">1985-1986</unitdate>
               <langmaterial>
                  <language langcode="eng" scriptcode="Latn">English</language>.</langmaterial>
               <container label="Box [31236094312686]" type="box" altrender="Document Box (Letter)" id="aspace_b027d19a1d76d7bfa2b848946afcf401">1</container>
               <container label="Folder" type="folder" id="aspace_5a176eb3d82ddc8ff1df01b0ef7b1f7d" parent="aspace_b027d19a1d76d7bfa2b848946afcf401">3</container>
            </did>
            <scopecontent id="aspace_2bf2e6baf75837bf47ea07446d14897f">
               <head>Scope and Contents</head>
               <p>Includes promotional pamphlets, articles and essays from Brown University and Tougaloo College (mostly Tougaloo), as well as promotional photographs. In addition, the folder contains a copy of Tougaloo Impressions, Brown University's report on the Brown-Tougaloo Partnership, from 1966.</p>
            </scopecontent>
         </c>
         <c id="aspace_cd53c2fa8f65c573f892dc4175b4218c" level="file">
            <did>
               <unittitle>Janet Shaffer essay on her Tougaloo exchange experience</unittitle>
               <unitid type="file">4</unitid>
               <unitdate calendar="gregorian" datechar="creation" era="ce" normal="2006-09/2006-09">2006 September</unitdate>
               <langmaterial>
                  <language langcode="eng" scriptcode="Latn">English</language>.</langmaterial>
               <container label="Box [31236094312686]" type="box" altrender="Document Box (Letter)" id="aspace_e3bc661e3744b28c722943196a719352">1</container>
               <container label="Folder" type="folder" id="aspace_8e9565d4cad3173088b165041d395cf1" parent="aspace_e3bc661e3744b28c722943196a719352">4</container>
            </did>
            <scopecontent id="aspace_f699690f1b4e98e04259813a22c2edfa">
               <head>Scope and Contents</head>
               <p>Includes descriptions of racism against Black people.</p>
            </scopecontent>
         </c>
         <c id="aspace_b674c76d46b10f67a2f53cf1e80f941a" level="file">
            <did>
               <unittitle>Tougaloo Homecoming coronation photographs</unittitle>
               <unitid type="file">5</unitid>
               <unitdate calendar="gregorian" datechar="creation" era="ce" normal="1986/1986">1986</unitdate>
               <langmaterial>
                  <language langcode="eng" scriptcode="Latn">English</language>.</langmaterial>
               <container label="Box [31236094312686]" type="box" altrender="Document Box (Letter)" id="aspace_3cfdb8d659796fa73b4898d2f2cf0aee">1</container>
               <container label="Folder" type="folder" id="aspace_ba4e156c17128949e367c09c8102ccd9" parent="aspace_3cfdb8d659796fa73b4898d2f2cf0aee">5</container>
            </did>
            <scopecontent id="aspace_2c6d7ae602b036e0e9bc118505eac781">
               <head>Scope and Contents</head>
               <p>Includes two photographs and an envelope labeled with the names of the people pictured.</p>
            </scopecontent>
         </c>
      </dsc>
      <descgrp type="descriptive">
         <head>Collection information</head>
         <scopecontent id="aspace_b773e8eb698b8a316eae37ecb01aa424">
            <head>Scope and Contents</head>
            <p>Some of the material contains descriptions of racism against Black people.</p>
            <p>The collection contains materials collected by Janet Shaffer'88 during and around the time she was an exchange student at Tougaloo College in Mississippi in the fall 1986. The collection also includes her retrospective account of her experience. The collection contains documents, photographs, promotional materials and newsclippings.</p>
         </scopecontent>
         <userestrict id="aspace_cc530cf9e6218ecf0a3af4b588cbbd06">
            <head>Conditions Governing Use</head>
            <p>Researchers are advised that express written permission to reproduce, quote, or otherwise publish any portion or extract from this collection must be obtained from the Brown University Library. Although Brown University has physical ownership of the collection and the materials contained therein, it does not claim literary rights. It is up to the researcher to determine the owners of the literary rights and to obtain any necessary permissions from them.</p>
         </userestrict>
         <prefercite id="aspace_3a8a3a72489f47e5c66002f862a06731">
            <head>Preferred Citation</head>
            <p>Janet Shaffer papers on the Brown University-Tougaloo College Partnership, AMS-1ZUT-1, Brown University Library.</p>
         </prefercite>
         <arrangement id="aspace_ed6b8dd9cf5d5c709d4bb0b6827cd6a1">
            <head>Arrangement</head>
            <p>Arranged in one series. Arranged in chronological order.</p>
         </arrangement>
         <accessrestrict id="aspace_d372b05f3f287a3471f4ba18a39837b8">
            <head>Conditions Governing Access</head>
            <p>There are no restrictions on access. The collection can only be seen by prior appointment. Some materials may be stored off-site and cannot be produced on the same day on which they are requested.</p>
         </accessrestrict>
      </descgrp>
      <descgrp type="additional">
         <head>Additional information</head>
         <relatedmaterial id="aspace_fd1556a3d273741e48c6c70767ad5673">
            <head>Related Materials</head>
            <p>
               <emph render="bold">Archival collections in the Brown University Archives</emph>
            </p>
            <list>
               <item>
                  <archref xlink:href="https://www.riamco.org/render?eadid=US-RPB-of1zu2">Brown-Tougaloo Exchange records, 1961-1989 (OF-1ZU-2)</archref>
               </item>
               <item>
                  <archref xlink:href="https://www.riamco.org/render?eadid=US-RPB-ms-1u-b6">M. Charles Bakst papers, 1927-2009 (bulk 1962-2008) (AMS-1U-B6)</archref>: Brown alum '66. Tougaloo-related records 1964.
               </item>
               <item>
                  <archref xlink:href="https://www.riamco.org/render?eadid=US-RPB-ms-1u-c8">Robert F. Cohen, Jr., papers, 1952-1984 (bulk 1966-1972) (AMS-1U-C8)</archref>: Brown alum '68; Tougaloo exchange student 1966.
               </item>
               <item>
                  <archref xlink:href="https://www.riamco.org/render?eadid=US-RPB-of.1c.12">Barnaby Conrad Keeney papers, 1936-1980 (OF-1C-12)</archref>: Records of the twelfth president of Brown University, including records related to the early years of the partnership.
               </item>
               <item>
                  <archref xlink:href="https://www.riamco.org/render?eadid=US-RPB-of1CA.R1">Richard Ramsden papers, 1967-1984 (OF-1CA-R1)</archref>: Includes records related the Brown-Tougaloo Committee 1979-1982 held by the Brown Vice President for Administration and Finance and Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the University.</item>
               <item>
                  <archref xlink:href="https://www.riamco.org/render?eadid=US-RPB-AMS-1ZUT-1">Jessica Brooks papers on the Brown University-Tougaloo College Partnership, 1964-1994 (AMS-1ZUT-1): Includes promotional materials and photographs.
               </archref>
               </item>
               <item>
                  <archref xlink:href="https://www.riamco.org/render?eadid=US-RPB-of-1ca-s2">Merton P. Stoltz files as provost of Brown University, 1959-1978 (OF-1CA-S2)</archref>: Records of the former Provost of Brown University include records related to Brown-Tougaloo Partnership, 1963-1965. 
               </item>
               <item>
                  <archref xlink:href="https://www.riamco.org/render?eadid=US-RPB-OF-1C-15">Howard Robert Swearer papers, 1973-1990 (OF-1C-15)</archref>: Records of the fifteenth president of Brown University contain Tougaloo subject files, 1977-1988</item>
            </list>
            <p>
               <emph render="bold">Archival collections in the Tougaloo College Archives</emph>
            </p>
            <list>
               <item>
                  <archref xlink:href="http://collections.msdiglib.org/digital/collection/tougaloo/search/searchterm/George%20A.%20Owens%20Papers/field/all/mode/all/conn/or/order/title/ad/asc"> George A. Owens papers:</archref> Papers of the ninth president of Tougaloo College.
               </item>
               <item>
                  <archref xlink:href="http://collections.msdiglib.org/digital/collection/tougaloo/search/searchterm/Adam%20Daniel%20Beittel%20Papers/field/all/mode/all/conn/or/order/title/ad/asc"> Adam Daniel Beittel Papers, 1957-1989:</archref> Papers of the eighth president of Tougaloo College.
               </item>
            </list>
            <p>
               <emph render="bold">Current records and projects</emph>
            </p>
            <list>
               <item>
                  <archref xlink:href="https://tougaloo.brown.edu/annual-reports">Current reports of the Brown-Tougaloo Partnership</archref>
               </item>
               <item>
                  <archref xlink:href="https://cds.library.brown.edu/projects/FreedomNow/about.html">Freedom Now!:an archival project of Tougaloo College and Brown University</archref>
               </item>
            </list>
         </relatedmaterial>
      </descgrp>
      <descgrp type="cataloging">
         <controlaccess>
            <head>Subjects</head>
            <subject source="lcsh">Brown University-Tougaloo College Partnership</subject>
            <subject source="lcsh">Tougaloo College</subject>
            <subject source="lcsh">African American college students</subject>
            <subject source="lcsh">African Americans -- Social Life and Customs -- 20th century</subject>
            <subject source="lcsh">Black people--United States--Intellectual life--20th century.</subject>
            <subject authfilenumber="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2021004146" source="lcsh">Racism against Black people</subject>
            <subject source="lcsh">Student exchange programs</subject>
            <geogname source="lcsh">United States -- Race relations -- History -- 20th century</geogname>
         </controlaccess>
      </descgrp>
   </archdesc>
</ead>